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A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z


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Foreword to the 2007 Ed.
Preface to the First Ed.


International Trade
and WTO Terms

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I
J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R
S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
Index

International Organisations,
Agreements and Groups

A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I
J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R
S - T - U - V - W - X - Y - Z
Index

Acronyms
A

AB
Appellate Body

ACCT
Agence de coopération culturelle et technique

ACP
African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States

ACS
Association of Caribbean States

ACWL
Advisory Centre on WTO Law

AD
anti-dumping

ADB
African Development Bank
Asian Development Bank

AfDB
African Development Bank

AEC
African Economic Community

AGOA
African Growth and Opportunity Act

AIF
Agence intergouvernementale de la Francophonie

AITIC
Agency for International Trade Information and Cooperation

AMS
Aggregate Measurement of Support

AoA
Agreement on Agriculture

ANZCERTA or CER
Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Agreement

ANZCERTA Protocol on Trade and Services
Australia-New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Agreement Protocol on Trade and Services

APEC
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation

ASCM
Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures

ASEAN
Association of Southeast Asian Nations

ASYCUDA
Automated System for Customs Data

ATC
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing

ATPA
Andean Trade Preference Act

AU
African Union

AVE
ad valorem equivalent



B

BDV
Brussels Definition of Value

BISD
Basic Instruments and Selected Documents

BOP
balance of payments

BSEC
Black Sea Economic Cooperation

BTA
border tax adjustment



C
C-4
Cotton Four

CACEU
Central African Customs and Economic Union

CAEMC
Central African Economic and Monetary Community

CAFTA
Central America Free Trade Agreement

CAN
Andean Community

CAP
Common Agricultural Policy

CAREC
Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation

CARICOM
Caribbean Community and Common Market

CARIFTA
Caribbean Free Trade Association

CBD
Convention on Biological Diversity

CBI
Caribbean Basin Initiative

CCAMLR
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources

CCC
Customs Cooperation Council

CEFTA
Central European Free Trade Agreement

CER or ANZCERTA
Australia and New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement

CET
Common External Tariff

CFC
Common Fund for Commodities

CIEL
Centre for International Environmental Law

CIF
Cost, Insurance and Freight

CIS
Commonwealth of Independent States

CITES
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna

COMESA
Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa

CSE
Consumer Support Estimate

CVD
countervailing duties



D

DDT
Dunkel Draft Text

DR-CAFTA
Dominican Republic Central America Free Trade Agreement

DRS
Deposit Refund System

DSB
Dispute Settlement Body

DSM
Dispute Settlement Mechanism

DSU
Dispute Settlement Understanding

DTIS
Diagnostic Trade Integration Study



E

EBA
Everything but Arms Initiative

EBRD
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development

EC
European Community
European Communities

ECA
Economic Commission for Africa

ECAFE
Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East

ECE
Economic Commission for Europe

ECLAC
Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

ECO
Economic Cooperation Organization

ECOSOC
United Economic and Social Council

ECOWAS
Economic Community of West African States

ECSC
European Coal and Steel Community

ECWA
Economic Commission for Western Asia

EDF
European Development Fund

EEA
European Economic Area

EEC
European Economic Community

EEP
Export Enhancement Programme

EFTA
European Free Trade Association

EGS
environmental goods and services

EIB
European Investment Bank

EMR
exclusive marketing right

ENT
economic needs test

EPA
Economic Partnership Agreement

EPZ
Export Processing Zone

ESCAP
Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

ESCWA
Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia

EU
European Union

EURATOM
European Atomic Energy Community



F

FAO
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

FDI
Foreign Direct Investment

FIATA
International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associations

FIPs
five interested parties

FOB
Free on Board

FPEI
Foreign Portfolio Equity Investment

FTA
Free Trade Agreement

FTAA
Free Trade Area for the Americas



G
G-6
Group of Six

G-7
Group of Seven

G-8
Group of Eight

G-10
Group of 10

G-15
Group of 15

G-20
Group of 20

G-33
Group of 33

G-77
Group of 77

G-90
Group of 90

GATS
General Agreement on Trade in Services

GATT
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

GDP
gross domestic product

GMO
genetically-modified organism

GNP
gross national product

GRULAC
Group of Latin American and the Caribbean Countries

GSP
Generalised System of Preferences



H

HS
Harmonized System



I

IADB
Inter-American Development Bank

IBRD
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development

ICC
International Chamber of Commerce

ICCAT
International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas

ICITO
Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization

ICO
International Coffee Organization

ICSID
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes

ICTSD
International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development

IDA
International Development Association

IDB
Islamic Development Bank

IDB / CTS Database
Integrated Data Base and Consolidated Database

IDLI
International Development Law Institute

IDLO
International Development Law Organization

IE
Independent Review Entity

IF
Integrated Framework

IFC
International Finance Corporation

IFIA
International Federation of Inspection Agencies

IGC
International Grains Council

IGO
Intergovernmental organisation

IICA
Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture

IISD
International Institute for Sustainable Development

ILO
International Labour Organization

ILP
Import Licensing Procedure

IMF
International Monetary Fund

Incoterms
International Commercial Terms

INR
initial negotiating right

IP
intellectual property

IPR
intellectual property right

ISO
International Organization for Standardization
International Sugar Organisation

IT
information technology

ITA
Information Technology Agreement

ITC
International Trade Centre

ITCB
International Textiles and Clothing Bureau

ITO
International Trade Organization

ITTO
International Tropical Timber Organization

ITU
International Telecommunication Union

IUCN
International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, more commonly referred to as the World Conservation Union



J

JITAP
Joint Integrated Technical Assistance Program



L

LAC
less-advantaged country

LAIA
Latin American Integration Association

LCA
life cycle analysis

LDC
least-developed country

LLDC
landlocked developing country

LMG
Like Minded Group of Developing Countries

LMO
living modified organism

LRTAP
Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution



M

MAI
Multilateral Agreement on Investment

MDGs
Millennium Development Goals

MEA
multilateral environmental agreement

MERCOSUR
Southern Common Market

MFA
Multifibre Arrangement

MFN
most-favoured-nation treatment

MIGA
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency

MRA
Mutual Recognition Agreement

MSG
Melanesian Spearhead Group

MTN
multilateral trade negotiations

MTS
multilateral trading system



N

NAFTA
North American Free Trade Agreement

NAM
newly acceded member

NAMA
non-agricultural market access

NEPAD
New Partnership for Africa’s Development

NGO
non-governmental organisation

NTB
non-tariff barrier

NTM
non-tariff measure

NTR
normal trade relation



O

OAMPI
African and Malagasy Patent Rights Authority

OAPI
African Intellectual Property Organization

OAS
Organization of American States

OAU
Organization of African Unity

OECD
Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

OECS
Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States

OIC
Organisation of Islamic Conference

OIE
International Office of Epizootics

OIF
Organisation internationale de la Francophonie

OMA
orderly marketing arrangement

OPEC
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries


P

PACER
Pacific Agreement on Closer Economic Relations

PICTA
Pacific Island Countries Trade Agreement

PIF
Pacific Island Forum

PPP
polluter-pays principle

PPMs
processes and production methods

PRSP
Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers

PSE
producer subsidy equivalent

PSI
preshipment inspection

PTA
Preferential Trade Area for Eastern and Southern African States



Q

QR
quantitative restriction



R

RAM
recently acceded member

RCD
Regional Cooperation for Development

RNM
Caribbean Regional Negotiating Machinery

RPB
restrictive business practice



S

SAARC
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

SACU
Southern African Customs Union

SADC
Southern African Development Community

SAT
substantially all the trade

SCM
subsidies and countervailing measures

S&D
special and differential treatment

SELA
Latin American Economic System

SGS
Société Générale de Surveillance

SIECA
Secretariat for Central American Economic Integration

SIDS
Small Island Developing States

SPARTECA
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Co-operation Agreement

SPECA
Special Programme for the Economies of Central Asia

SPS
sanitary and phytosanitary measures

SPSEE
Stability Pact for South Eastern Europe

SSG
Special Agricultural Safeguard

SSM
Special Safeguard Mechanism

STO
specific trade obligation



T

TARIC
Integrated Tariff of the European Communities

TBT
technical barriers to trade

TIR
Transports internationaux routiers

TMB
Textiles Monitoring Body

TNC
Trade Negotiations Committee

TPA
Trade Promotion Authority

TPRB
Trade Policy Review Body

TPRM
Trade Policy Review Mechanism

TRIMS
trade-related investment measures

TRIPS
trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights

TRQ
tariff rate quota



U

UN
United Nations

UNCED
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development

UNCITRAL
United Nations Centre for International Trade Law

UNCTAD
United Nations Conference on Trade and Development

UNDP
United Nations Development Programme

UNECA
United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

UNECE
United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

UNECLAC
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean

UNEP
United Nations Environment Programme

UNESCAP
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific

UNCWA
United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia

UNESOB
United Nations Economic and Social Office in Beirut

UNFCCC
United Nations Framework on Climate Change

UNIDO
United Nations Industrial Development Organization

UNITAR
United Nations Institute for Training and Research

UNO
United Nations Organization

UPOV
International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants

UPP
user-pays principle

UR
Uruguay Round

US
United States

USTR
United States Trade Representative



V

VER
voluntary export restraint

VRA
voluntary restraint arrangement



W

WAEMU
West African Economic and Monetary Union

WCO
World Customs Organization

WHO
World Health Organization

WIPO
World Intellectual Property Organization

WTO
World Trade Organization

WTO/OMT
World Tourism Organization

WWF
World Wide Fund for Nature

 

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Copyright © 2003 Agency for International Trade Information and Cooperation (AITIC)

First edition published August 2003
Revised impression November 2003
Revised edition 2007

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Agency for International Trade Information and Cooperation.